Cesarean section (C-section) is a surgical procedure used to deliver a baby through incisions in the abdomen and uterus. While vaginal delivery is the preferred method in most cases, there are situations where a C-section becomes necessary for the health and safety of the mother and baby.
- Understanding the indications for a C-section is crucial for expecting mothers and healthcare providers to make informed decisions.
Indications for Cesarean Section:
1. Fetal Distress:
- Abnormal fetal heart rate patterns indicating compromised oxygen supply to the baby.
- Meconium-stained amniotic fluid, suggesting fetal distress and potential aspiration.
2. Failure to Progress in Labor:
- Prolonged labor where the cervix fails to dilate despite adequate contractions.
- Arrested descent of the baby's head in the birth canal.
3. Placenta Previa:
- Placenta partially or completely covering the cervix, obstructing vaginal delivery and posing risks of severe bleeding.
4. Previous Cesarean Delivery:
- History of prior C-sections increases the likelihood of requiring another C-section due to the risk of uterine rupture during vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC).
5. Breech Presentation:
- Baby positioned feet or buttocks first instead of head-down, increasing the risk of birth complications during vaginal delivery.
6. Multiple Gestation:
- Twins, triplets, or higher-order multiples may necessitate a C-section due to increased risk of complications such as entangled umbilical cords or abnormal fetal presentations.
7. Maternal Health Concerns:
- Pre-existing conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, or heart disease may increase the risk of complications during labor, warranting a C-section.
- Active genital herpes infection to prevent transmission to the baby during vaginal birth.
8. Umbilical Cord Prolapse:
- Umbilical cord slips through the cervix ahead of the baby, compromising blood flow and requiring immediate delivery via C-section.
9. Maternal Request:
- Some women opt for a planned C-section for personal or cultural reasons, even in the absence of medical indications.
Conclusion:
- Cesarean section is a valuable tool in obstetric care, reserved for situations where vaginal delivery poses risks to the health and safety of the mother and baby.
- Healthcare providers carefully evaluate each case to determine the most appropriate delivery method, weighing the benefits and risks to ensure optimal outcomes for both mother and child.
Dr. Geeta Agrawal Gynaecologist.All Rights Reserved © 2025
